Чагодощенский район

Although the history of Chagoda begins in 1926 the district is rich in antiquities. Under the Decree of the Oblast Administration no.409 of 18 July 1994 the settlements with archaeological monuments were entered in the list of historic settlements of the Vologda Oblast. Since the 19th century the district of Chagoda has attracted the ever-increasing number of archaeologists.

First archaeological digs were carried out by a Finnish archaeologist in 1874 -1875 near the village of White Crosses. His archaeological finds - silver adornments - are preserved in the Helsinki National Museum now.

Settlement on the area that comprises modern day district of Chagoda dates from the mesolithic epoch. Numerous sites with stone implements testify to this fact. Settlements of the mesolithic epoch are of special interest as they are known to be the monuments of first developing of the Russian North. The territory of the district of Chagoda was settled by Finno-Ugric population and later by Slavs.

The district has its own patron saints. Efrosin of Sinozero whom believers considered capable of performing wonders went down in history of the region. The inhabitants of the district still commemorate the martyr who perished in 1612 during the Polish-Lithuanian invasion.

In 1912 the Sinozero festival solemnizing the 300th anniversary of the martyr''s demise attracted over 35000 pilgrims. Of particular historical significance is the fact that the hermitage of the Trinity and Annunciation founded by Efrosin still draws believers and research workers from throughout the country.

In the 20th century the population of the district was involved in shipbuilding, felling and hewing, and commercial fishery.

The Tikhvin water way that belongs to the Mariinsky water system connecting the Volga River and the Baltic Sea was a good source of income for the local peasants. They worked mainly as barge haulers.

This navy route was of great importance for the merchants too. Such goods as leather, flour, bread, iron, yuft and canvases were transported to the Novgorod, Tver, and Yaroslavl gubernias along it.

Quartz, chalk and limestone deposits on the territory of the Chagoda District gave boost to glass manufacturing. Early in the 20th century three glass-works located in the district were the major employers and the largest sector of the district''s economy.

Count Michael Tolstoy together with his son Victor owned the Pokrov glass-works, the biggest one in the district. It employed 500 workers in the early 20th century. The enterprise produced windowpane, insulators, bottles and pharmaceutical flanks.

Smerdomsky glass-works founded in 1897 by Zykov, a successful businessman, employed 200 people. The enterprise specialized in the production of container, shaped and flat glass, bottles and pharmaceutical flanks.

Mikhailovsky glass-works, the oldest of the three (founded in 1839), was the employer of both foreign labour force and local residents. Producing mainly home-made goods the Mikhailovsky glass-works could not compete with the Smerdomsky plant and was closed in 1914.

In summer of 1926 construction of a new plant began. According to preliminary estimates the annual output of it was to make up 5 mln sq. m of windowpane. N.Trotsky, a brilliant young architect, was commissioned to build a new building. The architect was selected to match the significance of the task: the construction project including a plant and a settlement had to be erected from scratch for the first time ever in Russia. The architect brilliantly coped with the task.

The history of the District of Chagoda is also the story of many outstanding people. Four residents are Heroes of the Soviet Union - Kuz''ma Vysotsky, Nikolai Pavlov, George Larionov and Ivan Frolov.

АРХЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПАМЯТНИКИ ЧАГОДОЩЕНСКОГО РАЙОНА - http://www.booksite.ru/fulltext/cha/god/a1/4.htm

По преданию река Песь (песчаная) - дочь Чагоды.

Districh of Chagoda
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